Findings which have emerged from studies made by the BCFN show that, in a number of ways, genetic engineering does not represent a satisfactory response to the problems that are becoming increasingly pressing for the agricultural sector. Scientific findings in this area still raise doubts about whether transgenic seeds actually have higher productivity levels (the only exception being cotton), as well as their environmental impact.

But, above all, what gives cause for concern is the underlying economic model which poses a number of problems. With experimentation stalled by public debate and hamstrung by stringent regulations, GMOs are not sufficient to guarantee a sustainable agricultural future.
Instead, the use of traditional techniques, paired with new biotechnological breakthroughs, will allow for drastic reduction in the time required to develop new strains which can make a more incisive contribution today in improving agricultural sustainability than GMOs because they are more adaptable to developing countries without having to apply agricultural methods alien to the traditions of these countries.
But agricultural innovation must not be limited to the development of new varieties. Farming methods and crop rotation suitable for each agricultural setting must be developed or reinstated, the goal being to save on the inputs used in agriculture.